The U.S. Federal Reserve held its policy interest rate steady on Wednesday, but again said it is monitoring “global developments” to decide its next move.
Federal Reserve Board Chairman Jerome Powell said, however, that while the global economy seems to have stabilized, the deadly virus outbreak in China presents a potential risk.
The SARS-like outbreak in China has left over 130 people dead and thousands sickened, while airlines have cancelled flights and businesses have been shuttered. That could undermine other major economies if global supply chains that flow from China are disrupted.
“There will clearly be implications at least in the near term for Chinese output and I would guess for some of their close neighbours,” Mr. Powell told reporters following the policy meeting. However, “the situation is really in its early stages and it’s very uncertain about how far it will spread and what the macro-economic effects will be,” he said. “We are very carefully monitoring the situation.”
Cautious optimism
There remains grounds for “cautious optimism” about the global outlook,” Mr. Powell said, but “none of this is assured” given continued uncertainties, including the impact of the virus outbreak.
The policy-setting Federal Open Market Committee left the benchmark interest rate steady in the target range of 1.5-1.75%, as expected, at the end of its two-day meeting. Policymakers also signalled that they want to see U.S. inflation push a bit higher, to hit the 2.0% Fed target.
After cutting rates three times last year in their effort to buoy the economy amid President Donald Trump’s multi-front trade wars, this is the second policy meeting where the central bank has made no move. The statement Wednesday repeated that policymakers will “continue to monitor the implications of incoming inflation for the economic outlook including global developments and muted inflation pressures.”
Inflation goal
The Fed’s statement however focuses mostly on the domestic economy, noting that household spending has been “rising at a moderate pace,” a slightly less upbeat view than in December.
Slowing consumer spending on top of “weak” business investments and exports could undercut the Fed’s ability to meet its inflation goal, which is running at just 1.5%. The statement tinkered with the wording from December to stress that the policy is aimed at “inflation returning to the Committee’s symmetric two percent inflation objective.”
The decision, though widely expected, is unlikely to please Mr. Trump, who has repeatedly berated the Fed and called on Mr. Powell to slash rates to zero to supercharge the U.S. economy, which the President says is at a disadvantage against foreign economies with lower rates.
“The Fed should get smart & lower the Rate to make our interest competitive with other Countries which pay much lower even though we are, by far, the high standard,” Mr. Trump tweeted on Tuesday. “We would then focus on paying off & refinancing debt! There is almost no inflation-this is the time (2 years late)!”
In a technical move, the Fed also slightly raised the interest it offers to banks with cash on deposit at the central bank, bumping it up to 1.6% from 1.55%, reversing the rate cut in September.
