Science News - The Hindu

Changing world: Adult female from Durban (A), compared with an adult male (yellow throat patch) and female from Mauritius (B).

Guttural toads shrunk in size on two islands

Males shrunk by 22% , females by 33.9% compared to South African counterparts

A sand art on the Bay of Bengal at Puri created by sand artist Sudarshan Patnaik ahead of World AIDs Day. File

World AIDS Day | India must gear up to end HIV/AIDS by 2030: experts

Special Correspondent

Effect of insult: With a larger study, the team of researchers envisages developing a suitable risk score for predicting vasoplegia as a complication that can happen following surgery.

Pilot study finds potential signal indicative of loss of tone in blood vessels after cardiac surgery

Shubashree Desikan The researchers noted a weakening of possible repair mechanisms of blood vessels in patients who showed clinically significant vasoplegia

Revealing find: This discovery suggests that the genus may be even more widely distributed than previously thought.

New species of gecko found in the Eastern Ghats

Shuvabrata Garai This is the twelfth species to be discovered outside the Western Ghats

Editor's Pick

Room for improvement: The current method for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, the RT-PCR test, does not have the capacity to keep pace with the increasing demand.

RT-LAMP: a new technology for detecting COVID-19

D.M. Vasudevan Speed, simplicity and cost-effectiveness make this an ideal method for diagnosis

Image used for representation purpose.

Delighted over Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine’s efficacy: Adar Poonawalla

Bindu Shajan Perappadan Varying dosage regimen shows upto 90% efficacy

This composite, false-color image of Mount Sharp inside Gale crater on Mars shows geologists a changing planetary environment. On Mars, the sky is not blue, but the image was made to resemble Earth so that scientists could distinguish stratification layers.

Data from Curiosity rover hints at ancient megaflood in Mars: study

PTI The most likely cause of the Mars flooding was the melting of ice from heat generated by a large impact, which released carbon dioxide and methane from the planet’s frozen reservoirs

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Watch | Two decades of humans living in space

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China successfully lands spacecraft on moon to retrieve lunar rocks

World AIDS Day | India must gear up to end HIV/AIDS by 2030: experts

Coronavirus | DCGI and institutional ethics committee investigating claim of adverse event in COVID-19 vaccine trial: officials

The Hindu Explains | Would space exploration survive in the era of privatisation?

The Hindu Explains | How are cyclones forecast, and how difficult was it to track Cyclone Nivar’s progress?

Pilot study finds potential signal indicative of loss of tone in blood vessels after cardiac surgery

Changing frontiers

Is the tropical zone of Earth expanding?The planet Earth is divided into three climate zones: Tropical, temperate and frigid. The tropical zone

Coronavirus | RT-LAMP: a new technology for detecting COVID-19

Speed, simplicity and cost-effectiveness make this an ideal method for diagnosis

New species of gecko found in the Eastern Ghats

This is the twelfth species to be discovered outside the Western Ghats

Guttural toads shrunk in size on two islands

Males shrunk by 22% , females by 33.9% compared to South African counterparts

New species of burrowing frog named after Bengaluru

Sphaerotheca Bengaluru is being named after the city to highlight the lacunae in documentation of amphibians from non-forested areas and to restore frog habitats in Bengaluru.

Science Ministry recruitment notice highlights bigamy disqualification clause

‘For it to be prominently highlighted looks like moral policing,’ says a serving bureaucrat.

From plankton to dinosaur: The Hindu Science Quiz

Correct answers are highlighted in green. Click on the correct answer for further reading on the topic.

Sweden getting on board India’s Venus mission with payload to explore planet

Sweden is getting on board India’s Venus orbiter mission ‘Shukrayaan’ with a scientific instrument to explore the planet.Ambassador of Sweden to

Biomineral body armour protects leaf-cutter ant in battle: study

It also helps protect them against infection from the disease-causing fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, which might otherwise spread quickly through their dense colonies.

Coronavirus | Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine shows interim efficacy of 91%

Sputnik V vaccine is also being tested on human volunteers in India and will cost “less than $10 [₹700] for international markets”, RDIF says in statement

Charles Darwin notebooks ‘stolen’ from Cambridge University

The University Librarian, Jessica Gardner, released a video statement appealing to the public to help

China calls launch a success as robotic spacecraft heads to moon

The original mission, planned for 2017, was delayed due to an engine failure in the Long March 5 rocket.

Delighted over Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine’s efficacy: Adar Poonawalla

Varying dosage regimen shows upto 90% efficacy

Oxford vaccine shows 90% efficacy in Phase-3 trial

Unlike in the case of the mRNA vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna, the Oxford vaccine showed “early indication” that the regimen where a half-dose prime and a full-dose booster was used could reduce virus transmission.

Data from Curiosity rover hints at ancient megaflood in Mars: study

The most likely cause of the Mars flooding was the melting of ice from heat generated by a large impact, which released carbon dioxide and methane from the planet’s frozen reservoirs

The best from the science journals: Bees of the world, Unite!

Here is some of the most interesting research to have appeared in top science journals last week

Huge Puerto Rico radio telescope to close in blow to science

The announcement saddened many beyond the scientific world as well, with the hashtag #WhatAreciboMeansToMe popping up on Twitter along with pictures of people working, visiting and even getting married or celebrating a birthday at the telescope.

Watch | Two decades of humans living in space

In November 2000, three astronauts stepped into NASA's International Space Station. Since then, more than 240 men and women have lived in space.

U.S.-European ocean monitoring satellite launches into orbit

The measurements are important for understanding overall sea level rise due to global warming

The Hindu Explains | Who are the top contenders in the race for a COVID-19 vaccine?

What are the hurdles in the way to stem the march of the SARS-CoV-2 virus?

A successful solution to the ‘slash and burn’ problem

Field trials of the Pusa decomposer in Delhi, Haryana region show promise

Question Corner: Why do some tarantulas have vivid blue and green colours?

Readers may send their questions/answers to questioncorner@thehindu.co.in

Ethics of denying COVID-19 vaccine to placebo group

Offering to the placebo group will mean unblinding the study, making it almost impossible to gather further information on vaccine efficacy.

Twice hit by climate change

Global warming may have killed many dinosaurs 179 MYA

How kala-azar was eliminated from a highly endemic district in Bihar

Integrated control strategy in Vaishali district helped reduce cases from 664 in 2014 to 163 in 2016

Indian-American doctor identifies possible COVID-19 treatment

“Understanding the pathways and mechanism driving this inflammation is critical to develop effective treatment strategies,” says Dr. Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti

Scientists discover oldest known human-made nanostructures in ancient artifacts in Tamil Nadu

Research reveals that these coatings are made of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) which have enabled the layer to last more than 2,600 years

‘Initial support will cover 92 low- and middle-income economies for COVID-19 vaccines’, says Gavi the Vaccine Alliance CEO Seth Berkley

Gavi the Vaccine Alliance has reserved 1 billion doses to bolster nations’ efforts

1st animal study in India on coronavirus moves to its final stage: AYUSH Ministry

It describes the study as one of the most sophisticated research projects in the country.

Coronavirus | Oxford University COVID-19 vaccine ‘encouraging’ for older age groups: study

This means there are now four promising vaccines on the horizon after Pfizer-BioNTech, Sputnik and Moderna already reporting good preliminary data from Phase 3 trials

Coronavirus | Study reveals how smoking worsens COVID-19 infection in the airways

"If you think of the airways like the high walls that protect a castle, smoking cigarettes is like creating holes in these walls," said Brigitte Gomperts, a co-author of the study

From Vitamins to NASA: The Hindu Science Quiz

Correct answers are highlighted in green. Click on the correct answer for further reading on the topic.

Know the scientist: Sir Lawrence Bragg

He was awarded the Hughes Medal of the Royal Society in 1931

Coronavirus | Pfizer ends COVID-19 vaccine trial with 95% efficacy, to seek emergency-use authorisation

Moderna Inc on November 16 released preliminary data for its vaccine, showing similar effectiveness.

Bad cabling blamed for failed launch of European satellites

The Vega rocket was carrying Spain’s first Earth observation satellite, called SEOSAT-Ingenio, and TARANIS, a French satellite designed to observe events in the upper atmosphere

Can surgical masks be reused?

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends — in emergency circumstances — hydrogen peroxide vapour to decontaminate the N95 masks worn by healthcare workers.　

WHO launches strategy to accelerate elimination of cervical cancer

“We want countries to aim for 90% of girls under 15 vaccinated, 70% of eligible women identified and treated, 90% of women with invasive cancer treated,” Dr. Princess Nothemba Simelela from South Africa, WHO assistant director general, told a news briefing.

Building blocks of life can form long before stars: study

The researchers showed that it is possible for glycine to form on the surface of icy dust grains of comets, in the absence of energy, through ‘dark chemistry’

SpaceX capsule carrying 4 astronauts docks with International Space Station

The three Americans and one Japanese astronaut will remain at the orbiting lab until their replacements arrive on another Dragon in April

Bharat Biotech’s COVID-19 vaccine Covaxin enters phase-3 trials

26,000 volunteers to form part of the study

Moderna says its vaccine appears to be 94.5% effective, shows early success in U.S. tests

Moderna’s vaccine, created with the National Institutes of Health, is being studied in 30,000 volunteers who received either the real vaccination or a dummy shot

Biological E. Limited’s COVID-19 vaccine enters Phase I/II trial

The results of this clinical trial are expected to be available by February 2021

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Kiran Maheshwari

47K | BJP MLA Kiran Maheshwari dies after testing positive for COVID-19

China's Defence Minister Wei Fenghe. File.

21K | China and Pakistan sign military deal amid tensions with India

Ensuring compliance: After paying the fine, the offenders often walk away without wearing a mask.

19K | Coronavirus India live updates | November 30, 2020

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Twitter photo of Dr. Sheetal Amte-Karajgi.

11K | Renowned social worker Dr. Sheetal Amte-Karajgi found dead

President-elect Joe Biden will have an all-female senior communications team at his White House, led by campaign communications director Kate Bedingfield. Neera Tanden (photographed here) will be director of the Office of Management and Budget.

10K | Joe Biden to nominate Indian-American Neera Tanden as chief of budget team

Rainwater stagnated at Marina Beach, Chennai.

9K | South Tamil Nadu, Kerala coasts on pre-cyclone watch

In this file courtroom artist's drawing, Chicago businessman Tahawwur Rana (centre) appears before Judge Matthew Kennelly in Chicago's federal court.

9K | 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks | Key accused Tahawwur Rana wanted a ‘medal’ for ‘top class’ contribution

8K | Reaping the whirlwind: On farmer protests