U.S. President Donald Trump said on a visit to Vietnam on Sunday he was prepared to mediate between claimants to the South China Sea, where five countries contest China's sweeping claims to the busy waterway.
Vietnam has become the most vocal opponent of China's claims and its construction and militarisation of artificial islands in the sea, through which about $3-trillion in goods pass each year.
“If I can help mediate or arbitrate, please let me know,” Mr. Trump said in comments at the start of a meeting in Hanoi with Vietnam's President, Tran Dai Quang.
Mr. Trump acknowledged that China's position on the South China Sea was a problem.
“I'm a very good mediator and arbitrator,” he said.
Vietnam has also reclaimed land around reefs and islets, but on nowhere near the same scale as China. Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines and Taiwan also have claims in the sea.
The South China Sea was discussed in Beijing on an earlier leg of Mr. Trump's 12-day Asian tour and U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said the United States and China had a frank exchange of views.
The United States has angered China with freedom of navigation patrols close to Chinese-controlled islands, which have been continued by the Trump administration.
In August, foreign ministers of Southeast Asia and China adopted a negotiating framework for a code of conduct in the South China Sea, a move they hailed as progress but one seen by critics as a tactic to buy China time to consolidate its maritime power.
The framework seeks to advance a 2002 Declaration of Conduct (DOC) of Parties in the South China Sea, which has mostly been ignored by claimant states, particularly China, which has built seven man-made islands in disputed waters, three of them equipped with runways, surface-to-air missiles and radars.
All parties say the framework is only an outline for how the code will be established but critics say the failure to outline, as an initial objective, the need to make the code legally binding and enforceable, or have a dispute resolution mechanism, raises doubts about how effective the pact will be.
The framework will be endorsed by China and members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) at a summit in Manila on Monday, a diplomat from one of the regional bloc's countries said.
The next step is for ASEAN and China to start formal consultations and negotiations for the actual Code of Conduct, and the earliest that talks on this can start is February 2018, the diplomat said.
From Vietnam, Mr. Trump flies to the Philippines for a meeting with ASEAN leaders before he heads back to Washington.
