Spain may be one of the world’s top tourist destinations, but many people in its biggest cities have grown exasperated with Airbnb-style rentals. And now, their city councils are taking action.
Airbnb and other peer-to-peer rental websites have for years been credited with enabling lovers of travel and culture to find new ways to explore foreign lands. However, complaints have abounded in Spain that greedy landlords are throwing out long-term tenants in order to cash in on the tourist flow, and that the short-term leases are pushing up rent.
New rules
By introducing a slew of new rules, Madrid’s leftwing city hall plans to make it impossible for short-term rental companies to rent out 95% of apartments in the Spanish capital by the end of the year.
To get a holiday rental licence homeowners will have to prove their property has a separate entrance from the rest of the building —- a condition that is in most cases impossible to fulfil. Homeowners who rent their primary residence for less than three months a year will be exempt. “We are aware that this is a very restrictive condition, and that is our intention,” Madrid’s city councillor for sustainable urban development, Jose Manuel Calvo, said.
He said certain Madrid neighbourhoods have reached “the same saturation level” as Barcelona, where a boom in holiday rentals has drained the city’s housing supply and pushed up rents, sparking a backlash against tourists that saw protesters take to the streets.
There are now around 9,000 flats in Madrid that are rented out to tourists, six to seven times more than in 2013, Mr. Calvo said. Of these, about 2,000 operate without a licence.
In some buildings landlords have evicted all local residents in order to rent their flats to tourists for more money, Mr. Calvo explained. “The consequence is that these neighbourhoods end up emptying out gradually, and this must be prevented. There is still time,” he said.
Madrid city hall in January stopped issuing new licences for tourist apartments, and only plans to resume licensing once the new system is in place.
Other cities in Spain, the world’s second most visited country after France according to the UN World Tourism Organisation, are also facing a surge in the number of sharing economy short-term rentals, threatening hotel businesses.
In the Mediterranean port city of Valencia the number of peer-to-peer holiday apartments has soared by 30% since 2016.
The plan is to apply the same laws regulating hotels to tourist rentals. Under the new rules, only apartments on the ground floor or first floor can be legally rented out to tourists. In the old town centre the legislation will be even tighter. There, licences will be awarded to flats in buildings designated for holiday rentals.
