The U.S. Navy’s challenge last week to China’s sovereignty claims in the South China Sea was not designed as a military threat, the head of U.S. Pacific military forces said on Tuesday in a mostly upbeat speech about prospects for preventing U.S.-China disputes from escalating to conflict.
Speaking in the Chinese capital, Adm. Harry B. Harris Jr. cited a recent statement by U.S. Defense Secretary Ash Carter that the international order “faces challenges from Russia and, in a different way, from China, with its ambiguous maritime claims,” including Beijing’s claim to nearly all of the South China Sea.
“I truly believe that these routine operations should never be construed as a threat to any nation,” Adm. Harris said, according to his prepared remarks. “These operations serve to protect the rights, freedoms and lawful uses of the sea and airspace guaranteed to all nations under international law.”
China protested the Lassen patrol, calling it a “deliberate provocation,” and sent two warships to shadow the U.S. vessel and issue warnings. Although China labelled the action illegal, international law allows warships to transit other countries’ territorial seas under the principle of “innocent passage.”
The U.S. does not recognize the man-made features, including Subi Reef, as legitimate islands entitled to territorial seas, and U.S. officials say they plan to patrol nearby them on a regular basis to enforce that view. China has reclaimed approximately 2,000 acres (809 hectares) of land in the Spratly island chain since last year, and is now adding harbours, housing and airstrips.
In his remarks, the admiral was mostly upbeat in his assessment of prospects for improving relations with China, saying he did not subscribe to the pessimistic view that a conflict was inevitable. While saying that as a military commander he is required to “look through a darker lens and drink through a glass half-empty,” he emphasized areas of mutual U.S.-China interest and ways in which the two countries are cooperating.
“I agree with many of my Chinese counterparts who have emphasized cooperation over confrontation,” Harris said, according to a copy of his prepared remarks provided to reporters travelling with Defense Secretary Ash Carter in Malaysia.
“I continue to have personal and candid conversations with Chinese military leaders, which is why I’m in China this week,” he added.
Although mistrust remains on both sides, engagement is increasing. Along with recent agreements meant to prevent unintended incidents between their ships and planes, the two militaries have ratcheted up exchanges and dialogue at bilateral and multilateral forums.
Last month, a 27-member U.S. Navy delegation toured China’s sole aircraft carrier at dock and visited a Chinese navy submarine training academy. That was in return for a weeklong visit by 29 Chinese naval officers to the U.S. in February, the first time China had sent a large delegation.
