The Special Operation Group of the Gujarat police arrested an alleged activist of the banned Students Islamic Movement of India (SIMI) from Vadodara on Tuesday.
Sayed Abid Ali Musa was produced in court and sent to judicial custody.
The police said he was believed to have been involved in the July 2008 Ahmedabad serial bomb blasts and in the planting of 29 bombs in Surat at the same time.
However, none of the bombs exploded due to a technical fault with the timers.