Greece aims at creating two large marine parks as part of a 780-million-euro programme to protect biodiversity and marine ecosystems, with the plans to be announced at an international oceans conference starting in Athens on Tuesday.
But the plan has irked Greece’s neighbour and regional rival, Turkiye, while environmental organisations say the initiative does not go far enough, noting that the country also allows environmentally harmful practices such as energy exploration in sensitive marine environments.
With thousands of islands and islets and one of the Mediterranean’s longest coastlines, Greece has said it will create one new marine park in the Ionian Sea and one in the Aegean Sea, bringing the total of marine protected areas to over 30% of its waters.
When the plan was aired last week, Turkiye’s Foreign Ministry accused Athens of exploiting environmental issues to push its geopolitical agenda. The countries, both NATO members, have been at odds for decades over a variety of issues, including territorial claims in the Aegean, and have reached the brink of war three times in the last 50 years.
Relations have improved somewhat over the past year following a period of heightened tensions that saw the countries’ warships face off in the eastern Mediterranean. But Ankara responded with annoyance to Greece’s plan for a marine park in the Agean.
“It is known that Greece has long been trying to benefit from almost every platform in the context of Aegean problems,” the Turkish Foreign Ministry said.
“Despite the recent softening in our relations, it appears that Greece is exploiting environmental issues this time.”
Greece’s Foreign Ministry retorted that Ankara was “politicising a clearly environmental issue.”
“We are increasing the size of our marine protected areas by 80%, banning harmful fishing practices and using new technologies to monitor and enforce the commitments we make here,” Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis said ahead of the conference.
The two-day meeting in Athens plans “to catalyse global action against two overlapping crises, the climate crisis and the crisis of our ocean,” Mr. Mitsotakis said.
But environmental organisations have called for stronger commitments.
Under a slogan of “the sea is not for sale,” Greenpeace urged leaders attending the Our Ocean Conference to take concrete measures to protect marine environments.
The conference “must not be simply an opportunity for governments to congratulate themselves for what they have said until now,” said Nikos Charalambidis, head of Greenpeace in Greece.
Greenpeace, the World Wildlife Fund and other organisations have levelled particular criticism at Greece for allowing deep-sea seismic exploration for energy and mineral resources in the Hellenic Trench, which includes the deepest waters in the Mediterranean at more than 5,200 metre.
The trench, which stretches from southwestern Greece to Crete, is a vital habitat for the Mediterranean’s few hundred sperm whales and other marine mammals already threatened by fishing, ship collisions and plastic pollution.
Asked whether the Greek government planned to extend protection to the entirety of the Hellenic Trench, Theodoros Skylakakis, Greece’s Minister for both the environment and energy, stressed that adapting to a green economy requires significant funds over the coming decades.
