South Sudan’s President has reached a ceasefire agreement with a rebel leader, an African regional bloc said on Friday, after a vicious cycle of revenge killings drew international alarm.
The deal means “an immediate cessation of hostilities within 24 hours of the signing” and “unhindered humanitarian access” to all people affected by the months-long conflict, said a statement by the political bloc known as IGAD, which is mediating the conflict.
Ethnically targeted violence in the world’s youngest country broke out in December, killing thousands of people and forcing more than 1.3 million to flee their homes. The U.N. Security Council has expressed “horror” at recent killings of civilians.
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U.S. National Security Adviser Susan Rice welcomed the peace agreement in a statement, saying it “holds the promise of bringing the crisis to an end”.
A ceasefire in January between South Sudan President Salva Kiir and rebel leader Riek Machar fell apart within days.
Ms. Rice urged that Mr. Kiir and Mr. Machar follow up on the new peace deal signed in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, by “ending the violence and negotiating in good faith to reach a political agreement”.
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Friday’s meeting in Addis Ababa was the first face-to-face encounter between Mr. Kiir and Mr. Machar since the mass violence began, and it came a week after U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry met with Mr. Kiir to urge a revitalization of peace talks.
Mr. Kiir and Mr. Machar have agreed to establish a “transitional government of national unity” that will lead to new elections, the IGAD statement said. The two also agreed to meet again in a month, while IGAD leads talks on the terms of the transition.
“We look forward to the next summit which we hope will further solidify today’s gains,” Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta, who has helped with the talks, said in a statement late on Friday.
The South Sudan deal comes after weeks of growing international concern.
U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said during a visit to South Sudan this week that the country has seen serious human rights violations. A new U.N. report said gross violations of human rights and international humanitarian law have been committed.
Much of the violence has been ethnic in nature and carried out by troops loyal to Mr. Kiir, an ethnic Dinka, and rebels loyal to former Vice-President Mr. Machar, an ethnic Nuer.
International pressure had been growing for at least a brief ceasefire to allow residents to plant their fields, with the U.N. and aid groups warning that if crops aren’t planted this month, the country could face mass hunger or famine. Tens of thousands of civilians already have been taking refuge in U.N. compounds across the country for months.
The Security Council in recent days discussed sanctions, an arms embargo and a referral of the South Sudan situation to the International Criminal Court as ways to apply pressure on the warring sides.
South Sudan is a largely Christian nation that broke off from the Muslim-dominated Sudan after a 2011 referendum. The fighting is an embarrassment to the U.S., which has provided hundreds of millions of dollars in aid and has been its strongest international champion.