Scientists in the United States said on Tuesday they had taken a major step toward developing a “mosquito birth control” drug to curb the spread of malaria and other killer diseases blamed for hundreds of thousands of deaths a year.
Researchers at the University of Arizona said they had discovered a protein unique to female mosquitoes which is critical for their young to hatch.
When the scientists blocked the protein, the females laid eggs with defective shells causing the embryos inside to die.
The team said developing drugs which targeted the protein could provide a way to reduce mosquito populations without harming beneficial insects such as bees.
“It’s an important discovery,” said Roger Miesfeld, head of the university’s department of chemistry and biochemistry. “We’re certainly excited about it ... This gets around mosquito resistance and also has a much better chance of being bio-safe [than other methods].”
Big threat
Mosquitoes are one of the world’s deadliest insects, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) which has warned that global progress against malaria is stalling.
The disease infected around 216 million people in 2016, killing 445,000 of them, predominantly babies and young children in sub-Saharan Africa. Other diseases spread by mosquitoes include Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever, West Nile virus and dengue, which has risen 30-fold in recent decades, according to the WHO.
“Once we knock down this protein, the mosquito no longer makes viable eggs even after multiple blood feedings so ... birth control is a great way to describe it.”
He said he hoped the discovery could lead to the development of a new generation of insecticides in five years.
These could then be applied onto bed nets.
