U.S. President Donald Trump on January 8 backed away from days of angry rhetoric against Iran as the two countries tried to defuse a crisis over the American killing of Iranian military commander Qassem Soleimani.
In an address from the White House, Mr. Trump said the United States did not necessarily have to respond militarily to Iranian missile attacks on military bases housing U.S. troops in Iraq overnight.
He said no Americans were harmed in the strikes.
“The fact that we have this great military and equipment, however, does not mean we have to use it. We do not want to use it,” the U.S. President said in an address, flanked by Vice-President Mike Pence, Defense Secretary Mark Esper and Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and military officers.
He urged world powers to quit a 2015 nuclear accord with Iran that Washington withdrew from in 2018 and work for a new deal, an issue that has been at the heart of rising tensions between Washington and Tehran. Iran has rejected new talks.
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“Our great American forces are prepared for anything. Iran appears to be standing down, which is a good thing for all parties concerned and a very good thing for the world,” he said.
Mr. Trump stopped short of making any direct threat of military action against Iran but said the United States “will immediately impose additional punishing economic sanctions on the Iranian regime” in response to what he called “Iranian aggression”.
He offered no specific measures.
Iranian forces fired missiles at military bases housing U.S. troops in Iraq on January 8 in retaliation for the killing last week in Iraq of Iranian general Soleimani, raising the stakes in its conflict with Washington amid concern about a wider war in the Middle East.
Iranian supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, addressing a gathering of Iranians chanting “Death to America,” said the missile attacks were a “slap on the face” of the United States and said U.S. troops should leave the region.
Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif had said the strikes “concluded” Tehran's response to the killing of Soleimani, who had been responsible for building up Iran's network of proxy armies across the Middle East. He was buried in his hometown Kerman on Monday after days of national mourning.
“We do not seek escalation or war, but will defend ourselves against any aggression,” he wrote on Twitter.
Nuclear deal
Mr. Trump's address was in contrast to his harsh rhetoric on Iran in recent days. The Republican President had vowed to strike back disproportionately if Iran retaliated strongly against Soleimanis killing.
Mr. Trump on Saturday said the United States had targeted 52 Iranian sites, including ones that are important to the country's culture. He was criticised for that remark even by U.S. political allies and later backtracked, saying the United States would obey international law on the issue.
On January 8, Mr. Trump again vowed that he would not allow Iran to obtain a nuclear weapon and urged world powers to quit a 2015 nuclear accord with Iran that Washington abandoned in 2018 and work for a new deal, an issue that has been at the heart of rising tensions between Washington and Tehran. Iran has rejected new talks.
There was no immediate reaction from Iranian officials to Mr. Trump's comments. The semi-official Fars news agency described the U.S. President's remarks as a “big retreat from threats.”
Mr. Trump's reaction in the immediate aftermath of Wednesday's attacks had been to say on Twitter that “All is well!” and that Washington was assessing damage.
That tweet and the comment by Iran's foreign minister had acted to soothe some initial concerns about a wider war and calmed jittery financial markets. Oil prices slipped back after an early spike.
U.S. and European government sources said they believed Iran had deliberately sought to avoid U.S. military casualties in its missile strikes to prevent an escalation.
But an Iranian Army spokesman had denied “foreign media reports” suggesting there had been some kind of coordination between Iran and the United States before the attack to allow bases to be evacuated, Fars news agency said.
The U.S. President was impeached last month and faces an election in November.
Iranian state television said Iran had fired 15 ballistic missiles from its territory at U.S. targets in its neighbour Iraq early on January 8. The Pentagon said al-Asad air base and another facility in Erbil in Iraq were struck.
Iranian television reported an official in the supreme leader's office as saying the missile attacks were the “weakest” of several retaliation scenarios. It quoted another source saying Iran had lined up 100 other potential targets.
Avoiding conflict
But analysts said Iran wanted to avoid any conventional military conflict with superior U.S. forces.
U.S. officials said Soleimani was killed because forces under his command planned attacks on U.S. targets, although they did not provide evidence.
After the Iranian missile attack, state television showed footage of the burial, with hundreds of people chanting “God is greatest” when the strikes were announced over loudspeakers. “His revenge was taken and now he can rest in peace,” Iranian television said.
Friction between Iran and the United States rose after Mr. Trump withdrew from the nuclear deal between Iran and world powers, approved by his predecessor Barack Obama, and reimposed sanctions on Tehran slashing its vital oil exports.
In his speech on Wednesday, Mr. Khamenei ruled out any resumption of talks with Washington on the 2015 nuclear pact.
Before Soleimani was buried, his body was taken on a tour of cities in Iraq and Iran, drawing huge crowds. A stampede at his funeral on Tuesday killed at least 56 people.
Hours after Iran fired the missiles at the bases in Iraq, a Ukrainian airliner crashed shortly after take-off from Tehran on Wednesday, bursting into flames and killing all 176 people on board. Officials said speculation about what happened was premature. Carrier Ukraine International Airlines said the plane was last serviced two days ago.
