A global human rights group on Thursday accused Egypt’s main domestic security agency of harassing and intimidating rights advocates and activists to silence them.
The Amnesty International report was the latest rebuke to Egypt’s government, which faces increasing pressure from the U.S. to improve its human rights record.
A government media officer did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the report.
The rights group said the National Security Agency was “increasingly using a well-honed pattern of unlawful summons, (and) coercive questioning” of activists in practices amounting to “cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment”.
The London-based group said it documented how the agency, which handles terror-related and political cases, used such measures to “control the lives” of at least 26 people, including seven women, between 2020 and 2021. The report is titled: “This will only end when you die,” in reference to what one activist was told of her regular summons to the agency.
Amnesty did not disclose the names of those activists. The NSA is overseen by the Interior Ministry. Egypt's President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi has in the past maintained that his country has no political prisoners.
Egypt’s government has in recent years waged a wide-scale crackdown on dissent, jailing thousands of people, mainly Islamists, but also secular activists involved in the 2011 Arab Spring uprising that toppled longtime autocrat Hosni Mubarak. Many people have been imprisoned on terrorism charges, for breaking a ban on protests or for disseminating false news.
In recent years, lengthy pretrial detentions have become a common practice to keep the government’s critics behind bars for as long as possible.
“NSA officials’ questions and threats reveal one clear objective: to stifle human rights and political activism,” said Philip Luther, Amnesty’s research and advocacy director for the Middle East and North Africa region.
Amnesty said at least 20 activists described how the agency's attempt to monitor and manipulate their activities had left them in a depressed and helpless state.
The group said officers used “physical and psychological abuse” during interrogations of summoned activists, many of whom had already spent significant time in detention. In their cases, they were told to present themselves to police stations for so-called monitoring after their release.
Security forces also threatened activists and their families with detention or physical harm if they did not give up information, Amnesty said. The group said many activists and rights advocates are now fearful of voicing their opinions or taking part in political activities.
Some have left the country as a result, the report added.
Amnesty urged the country’s chief prosecutor to open investigations into the NSA’s practices.
