Jakarta
Indonesian President Joko Widodo, who rose from poverty and pledged to champion democracy, fight entrenched corruption and modernize the world’s most populous Muslim-majority nation, was sworn in on October 20 for his second and final five-year term with a pledge to take bolder actions.
Army troops and police, along with armoured vehicles, firetrucks and ambulances, were deployed across the vast capital, Jakarta, and major roads were closed in a departure from the more relaxed atmosphere of the popular Widodo’s 2014 inauguration.
An October 10 knife attack by an Islamic militant couple that wounded the country’s security minister set off a security crackdown.
An austere ceremony
Known for his down-to-earth style, Mr. Widodo, 58, opted for an austere ceremony at the heavily guarded Parliament without the festive parade that transported him after his inauguration five years ago on a horse-drawn carriage in downtown Jakarta, where he was then cheered on by thousands of waving supporters.
On his way to the ceremony on Sunday, Mr. Widodo got out of his convoy with some of his security escorts and shook supoorters’ hands, who yelled his name, waved Indonesia’s red-and-white flag and called him “bapak,” or father.
“This is the second time ... most importantly, we must work together immediately to bring Indonesia to prosperity,” Mr. Widodo told reporters before leaving for Parliament, adding that he had completed picking all members of his Cabinet.
Western and Asian leaders and special envoys flew in for the event, including Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison and Chinese Vice President Wang Qishan. President Donald Trump sent Secretary of Transportation Elaine Chao for the ceremony in Indonesia, Southeast Asia’s largest economy and a member of the G-20 bloc of nations.
Humble roots
Popularly known as Jokowi, Mr. Widodo is the son of a furniture maker who grew up with his family in a rented bamboo shack on the banks of a flood-prone river in Solo city on Java island. He is the first Indonesian president from outside the country’s super rich, and often corrupt, political, business and military elite.
Mr. Widodo presents himself as a man of the people, often emphasizing his humble roots. His popular appeal, including his pioneering use of social media, helped him win elections for Mayor of Solo, Governor of Jakarta and twice for president over the past 14 years.
In a reflection of his popularity as he begins his second term, he has nearly 26 million followers on Instagram and more than 12 million on Twitter.
Mr. Widodo was sworn in with his Vice President, Ma’ruf Amin, one of the most important religious figures in Indonesia, who he chose as his running mate to shore up his support among pious Muslims. Mr. Amin was chairman of Majelis Ulama Indonesia, the country’s council of Islamic leaders, and supreme leader of Nahdlatul Ulama, the world’s largest Muslim organization.
But Mr. Amin, 76, has been criticized for being a vocal supporter and drafter of fatwas against religious minorities and LGBT people. Human Rights Watch says the fatwas, or edicts, have legitimized increasingly hateful rhetoric by government officials against LGBT people, and in some cases fuelled deadly violence by Islamic militants against religious minorities.
Mr. Widodo has been widely praised for his efforts to improve Indonesia’s infrastructure and reduce poverty, which afflicts close to one-10th of the sprawling country’s 270 million people.
He inaugurated the nation’s first subway system, which was financed by Japan, in Jakarta in March, after years of delay under past leaders.
Pressing on
Pressing on is the biggest challenge, however, in his final years in office given the global economic slowdown, major trade conflicts, falling exports and other hurdles that impede funding.
In an interview with The Associated Press in July, Mr. Widodo said he would push ahead with sweeping and potentially unpopular economic reforms, including a more business-friendly labour law, because he is no longer constrained by politics in his final term.
“Things that were impossible before, I will make a lot of decisions on that in the next five years,” he told the AP then.
