The U.S. Senate on Saturday voted to approve a $1.9 trillion relief package that President Joe Biden vows will revive the country's pandemic-stricken economy, capping hours of debate, frenzied negotiations and a marathon overnight voting session.
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Passed by 50 votes to 49 in a party line vote, the sweeping legislation now heads back to the Democratic-majority House of Representatives, where it is expected to be adopted barring a last-minute setback.
Even without the progressive priority of a minimum wage increase to $15 an hour, the stimulus bill marks a victory for Mr. Biden's Democrats as they put their stamp on the recovery from a pandemic that has killed over 500,000 in the United States and hobbled its economy.
"I promised the American people help was on the way," said Mr. Biden in an address from the White House, after the plan was approved along strict party lines.
"Today, I can say we've taken one more giant step forward in delivering on that promise," he said. "It obviously wasn't easy. It wasn't always pretty. But it was so desperately needed."
Top Senate Democrat Chuck Schumer vowed ahead of the vote that "this bill will deliver more help to more people than anything the federal government has done in decades."
The legislation would send out $1,400 stimulus checks to most Americans and allocates $350 billion to state and local governments and $130 billion to schools.
It would also provide $49 billion for expanded COVID-19 testing, tracing and research, and $14 billion for vaccine distribution.
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Steny Hoyer, the Democratic majority leader in the House, said the chamber would take up the amended bill on Tuesday, with a view to sending it to Mr. Biden for his signature early next week.
Vote-a-rama
The huge bill — the second largest rescue package in US history, after last year's $2 trillion CARES Act — almost fell apart.
Senate action was paralyzed for more than 10 hours Friday as Democrats scrambled to retain the support of the party's most conservative senator, Joe Manchin, who balked at the scale of jobless benefits.
It took a call from Mr. Biden himself and a reduction in supplemental weekly unemployment insurance from $400 to $300, among other tweaks, to prevent Manchin from defecting to the Republicans.
The Manchin drama served to highlight the growing political muscle of moderates in a deadlocked Senate, where a single swing vote could make or break major legislation.
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Mr. Biden already had to compromise with Democrats urging more fiscal restraint, reportedly agreeing to a narrowing of the income limit for families receiving stimulus checks.
Over a rapid-fire but lengthy series known as a "vote-a-rama", bleary-eyed senators acted on dozen of amendments, mostly Republican proposals that failed but which forced rival Democrats into casting politically-fraught votes.
'Wish-list'
Republicans have been united in opposition to the bill, and Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell issued a statement slamming a "colossal missed opportunity for our nation."
"Democrats decided their top priority wasn't pandemic relief, it was their Washington wish-list," he charged.
The breakthrough on the bill came against a backdrop of strong US economic data signaling that the world's largest economy may finally be healing.
They included better-than-expected hiring in February as businesses battered by the pandemic began recruiting again.
The vast majority of the job gains were in the leisure and hospitality sector, which was devastated in the pandemic's early months, the Labor Department reported.
Yet the economy was still short 9.5 million jobs compared with February 2020, before the pandemic began — and Mr. Biden's economic advisers said the current pace of job gains meant it would take two years to recover to pre-pandemic levels.
Mr. Biden argued that the data underscored the need to approve his plan — the third major stimulus package aimed at helping the U.S. economy weather the coronavirus crisis.
