Some amoebae do exactly what we do before we travel - pack a lunch.
The study, conducted by evolutionary biologists Joan Strassmann and David Queller of Rice University, has shown that long-studied social amoebae Dictyostellum discoideum (commonly known as slime molds) increase their odds of survival through a rudimentary form of agriculture.
The research, led by Debra Brock, a graduate student at Rice, found that some amoebae sequester their food-particular strains of bacteria for later use.
“We now know that primitively social slime molds have genetic variation in their ability to farm beneficial bacteria as a food source,” says George Gilchrist, program director in the National Science Foundation’s Division of Environmental Biology, which funded the research. “But the catch is that with the benefits of a portable food source, comes the cost of harbouring harmful bacteria.” After these “farmer” amoebae aggregate into a slug, they migrate in search of nourishment-and form a fruiting body, or a stalk of dead amoebae topped by a sorus, a structure containing fertile spores. Then they release the bacteria-containing spores to the environment as feedstock for continued growth.
The findings run counter to the presumption that all “Dicty” eat everything in sight before they enter the social spore-forming stage.
Non-farmer amoebae do eat everything, but farmers were found to leave food uneaten, and their slugs don’t travel as far. Perhaps because they don’t have to.
The advantages of going hungry now to ensure a good food supply later are clear, as farmers are able to thrive in environments in which non-farmers find little food.
The researchers found that about a third of wild-collected Dicty are farmers.
Instead of consuming all the bacteria they encounter, these amoebae eat less and incorporate bacteria into their migratory systems.
The study has been reported in the journal Nature.
