Saleh’s refusal to step down prolongs Yemen crisis: Hillary Clinton

June 02, 2011 02:02 pm | Updated November 17, 2021 01:25 am IST - SANAA, Yemen

An injured tribesman loyal to Sheik Sadeq al-Ahmar, the head of the powerful Hashid tribe, is carried to a field hospital, after being wounded in clashes with Yemeni security forces, in Sanaa, Yemen, on Wednesday.

An injured tribesman loyal to Sheik Sadeq al-Ahmar, the head of the powerful Hashid tribe, is carried to a field hospital, after being wounded in clashes with Yemeni security forces, in Sanaa, Yemen, on Wednesday.

Street battles between Yemeni government forces and armed tribesmen have killed dozens of people in this country teetering on the brink of civil war, forcing residents to cower in basements or brave gunfire to fetch bread and water.

Nearly four months of mass protests calling for President Ali Abdullah Saleh’s ouster have exacerbated already dire poverty, shuttering businesses and forcing up prices of essential goods. It’s a trend that does not bode well for long-term stability in this gun-ridden corner of the Arabian Peninsula, home to an active al-Qaida branch and other armed Islamist groups.

At least 41 people were killed on Wednesday as clashes spread to new quarters of the capital, Sanaa.

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton said, Saleh’s refusal to step down was prolonging the crisis.

“We cannot expect this conflict to end unless President Saleh and his Government move out of the way to permit the opposition and civil society to begin a transition to political and economic reform,” she told reporters in Washington.

President Barack Obama’s Homeland Security and Counterterrorism adviser John Brennan was to travel to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates this week for talks on Yemen.

Fighting in Sanaa raged from early morning though midday, sending the crackle of gunfire and the booms of artillery strikes, across the city. The clashes spread Wednesday from the Hassaba neighbourhood, where tribesmen have seized more than a dozen government buildings, to new areas.

The clashes forced Talal Hazza to crowd into a neighbour’s basement with 20 others, half of them children.

“We are suffering and living through trying days,” Hazza told The Associated Press. “It wears you out because the shells fall on us like rain, especially at night.”

The explosions terrify the children, and only the men go out for food, Hazza said. They have to venture out everyday because the area has had no electricity for two days. Thus there is no way refrigerate food.

“We can hear explosions outside, but we are afraid to go up and look because they are very close,” he said.

Tribal fighters seized the prosecutor general’s office in the city’s northwest. They were accompanied by two vehicles from the 1st Armoured Division, whose powerful commander abandoned Saleh two months ago. So far, however, his troops have not participated in the street battles.

The Interior Ministry said in a statement that tribesmen also took over a five-story building in the city’s southern Hadda neighbourhood, a stronghold of Saleh supporters.

Yemen’s official news agency SABA called the tribal fighters “armed gangs” and accused them of looting supplies, furniture and documents from government buildings.

Witnesses said units of the elite Republican Guard, commanded by one of Saleh’s sons, shelled the headquarters of an army brigade that guards government institutions, sending up columns of smoke and fire. Army officers who have joined the opposition said they believed the move was a pre-emptive strike against a commander, the government feared would join the movement to oust Saleh.

Fighting diminished by afternoon, when Yemenis routinely gather to chew qat, a mildly addictive stimulant. But artillery strikes resumed at dusk, forcing residents back to their basements.

“We feel besieged in our neighbourhood and can’t leave our house because of the clashes and random shelling,” said resident Abdu Salem. A shell landed near his house, spraying his neighbour’s leg with shrapnel, Salem said, and the clashes prevented an ambulance from coming for four hours.

Saleh has met the protests with promised reforms and brutal crackdowns, sometimes sending tanks or snipers to clear public squares, where the protesters camp out. The crackdowns have turned the U.S. away from Saleh, once considered a key ally against al-Qaida.

As the uprising has dragged on, prices for food, petrol and cooking gas have skyrocketed, cutting into family budgets in a country where, the United Nations says 31 percent of people are underfed.

Experts say, growing poverty and a depleted government budget heighten the chances of long time instability in a nation that is home to al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula, which has been linked to attempted attacks on U.S. soil, including the failed Christmas Day attack in 2009.

“We’re already talking about the poorest country in the Arab world, and the average Yemeni has the least room to absorb this,” said Christopher Bouceck of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. “The longer this goes on, the worse it gets.”

Shopkeeper Najib al-Habaishi said, his foodstuffs are scarce and his prices are high because distributors balk at delivering to the capital.

Running water has cut out in much of the capital, meaning residents buy supplies from tanker trucks. But the price of a fill up has quadrupled during the uprising, forcing many to limit bathing and laundry to once a week.

The price of cooking gas, too, has increased steeply, and some now light wood fires on their roofs to cook.

Rising gas prices have caused shortages, forcing people to wait for hours in long lines at gas stations. Once at the pump, they face quotas that limit them to about a third of a tank.

Electricity comes and goes, and has been cut in the Hassaba neighbourhood for nearly three days.

While protests, defections and international diplomacy have not forced Saleh from power, economic pressures could prove the final blow, said April Longley Alley of the International Crisis Group think tank. “Saleh has tapped state coffers to pay his forces, fund boisterous pro-government rallies and buy support from tribes”, she said. “He can’t keep that up forever”.

“If Saleh is unable to pay military and security salaries and to maintain critical patronage networks within the tribes, it will certainly be game over,” she said.

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