The newly restored shrine surrounding what is believed to be Jesus’s tomb was unveiled at a ceremony in Jerusalem’s Old City on Wednesday after months of delicate work.
Religious leaders opened the ceremony at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, built at the site where Christians believe Jesus was crucified and buried.
They stood in front of the 19th century shrine, called the Edicule (Aedicule), as hymns were sung.
Dignitaries, including Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras, were in attendance.
Greek Orthodox Patriarch Theophilos III of Jerusalem, in his address at the ceremony, called the restoration “not only a gift to our Holy Land but to the whole world”.
“For the first time in over two centuries, this sacred Edicule has been restored,” he said, referring to the shrine built in 1810.
The church is located in Israeli occupied east Jerusalem, which the Palestinians see as the capital of their future state, and the shrine was briefly closed by the Israeli authorities in 2015 over security fears.
‘The colour of hope’
Centuries of candle smoke and visiting pilgrims had left the shrine discoloured and almost black.
Parts of it were also coming loose, with warnings that it was structurally unsound and posed a risk to the millions of pilgrims who visit the site every year.
Following a $3.7 million (€3.4 million) renovation led by the church’s three main Christian denominations, the tomb has been painstakingly restored to its former glory — including a warm reddish-yellow colouring.
“Before this the monument was black,” chief renovator Antonia Moropoulou told AFP.
“This is the actual colour of the monument, the colour of hope.”
Unlike other parts of the church, which were renovated between the 1960s and 1990s, the edicule had been neglected.
Dr. Moropoulou said that restorers had systematically dismantled, cleaned and renovated almost all of the edicule, including the columns and upper and inner domes.
A window has been installed to allow pilgrims to see the bare stone of the ancient burial cave for the first time.
The new structural integrity means a protective cage installed 70 years ago by the British is no longer necessary.
“The deformations of the holy edicule are addressed and the structural integrity is assured,” Dr. Moropoulou said.
Samuel Aghoyan, the superior of the Armenian Church at the Sepulchre, which co-financed the project, said that after the renovation, the edicule looked “like a brand new building”.
Dramatic moment
In October, perhaps the most dramatic moment in the renovation occurred when the cave, thought to be the tomb of Jesus, was opened for the first time in centuries.
Marble slabs were removed to allow for the chamber’s reinforcement.
They found a top slab dating from the era of the Crusades, indicating that the tomb had not been opened for 700 years, Dr. Moropoulou said.
Underneath they found another from the era of Constantine the Great, the emperor who began the Roman empire’s transition to Christianity in the 4th century CE.
“When we opened the slabs we discovered within the internal masonry all the layers of history — from Constantinian to Byzantine, to Crusaders to Renaissance,” Dr. Moropoulou said.
Whether the site is indeed the place of Jesus’s burial has long been a matter of dispute.
Some Christians believe he was buried in the Garden Tomb, outside the walls of Jerusalem’s Old City, but Dr. Moropoulou said their findings supported the Sepulchre as the location.
Asked if the slabs supported the argument that Jesus was buried there, she said it was “not a matter of an argument”.
“It is a matter of revealing a tomb which is alive and which is influencing us working here and all the world.”
The work is not the end of plans to renovate the church.
Mr. Aghoyan said they have “tentative” plans to fix the basement of the edicule as well as the “entire floor of the church”.
Such work would require around $6 million.
The Greek Orthodox, Armenian and Roman Catholic denominations share custody of the church, but disputes between the three have led to renovations being delayed for decades.
Rev. Aghoyan admitted there were tensions between the churches at times.
“We are not in love with each but we love each other,” he said with a smile.
