A U.S. Navy warship sailed past one of China’s artificial islands in the South China Sea on Tuesday, in a challenge to Chinese sovereignty claims that drew an angry protest from Beijing and accusations that the move threatened U.S.-China relations and regional peace.
China’s Foreign Ministry said authorities monitored and warned the USS Lassen as it entered what China claims as a 12-mile territorial limit around Subi Reef in the Spratly Islands archipelago, a group of reefs, islets, and atolls where the Philippines has competing claims.
“Threat to China’s sovereignty”
“The actions of the U.S. warship have threatened China’s sovereignty and security interests, jeopardised the safety of personnel and facilities on the reefs, and damaged regional peace and stability,” the Ministry said on its website.
“The Chinese side expresses its strong dissatisfaction and resolute opposition,” the statement said.
The sail-past fits a U.S. policy of pushing back against China’s growing assertiveness in the South China Sea. U.S. ally Philippines welcomed the move as a way of helping maintain “a balance of power.”
Aquino III: U.S. naval action right
Speaking to foreign correspondents in Manila, Philippine President Benigno Aquino III said he supported the U.S. naval manoeuvres as an assertion of freedom of navigation and as a means to balance power in the region.
“I think expressing support for established norms of international behaviour should not be a negative for a country,” he said. “I think everybody would welcome a balance of power anywhere in the world.”
Without identifying China by name, he said “one regional power” has been making “controversial pronouncements” that must not be left unchallenged.
“The American passage through these contentious waters is meant precisely to say that there are norms as to what freedom of navigation entails and they intend to exercise so that there is no de facto changing of the reality on the ground,” he said.
Creation of new outposts
Since 2013, China has accelerated the creation of new outposts by piling sand atop reefs and atolls then adding buildings, ports and airstrips big enough to handle bombers and fighter jets activities seen as an attempt to change the territorial status quo by changing the geography.
Navy officials had said the sail-past was necessary to assert the U.S. position that China’s man-made islands cannot be considered sovereign territory with the right to surrounding territorial waters.
“Innocent passage” permitted
International law permits military vessels the right of “innocent passage” in transiting other country’s seas without notification. China’s Foreign Ministry though labelled the ship’s actions as illegal.
The U.S. has said it doesn’t take a position on sovereignty over the South China Sea, but insists on freedom of navigation and over-flight. About 30 percent of global trade passes through the South China Sea, which is also home to rich fishing grounds and a potential wealth of undersea mineral deposits.
China claims it all
China says it respects the right of navigation, but has never specified the exact legal status of its maritime claims. China says virtually all of the South China Sea belongs to it, while Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam claim either parts or all of it.
Beijing’s response closely mirrored its actions in May when a navy dispatcher warned off a U.S. Navy P8-A Poseidon surveillance aircraft as it flew over Fiery Cross Reef, where China has conducted extensive reclamation work.
A Defence Department official, who spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss the Lassen’s movements, said the patrol was completed without incident. A Pentagon spokesman, Navy Cmdr. Bill Urban, declined to comment.
The Obama administration has long said it will exercise a right to freedom of navigation in any international waters.
“U.S. will fly, sail where law allows it”
“Make no mistake, the United States will fly, sail and operate wherever international law allows, as we do around the world, and the South China Sea is not and will not be an exception,” Defence Secretary Ash Carter said earlier this month.
The Chinese Foreign Ministry statement said China adhered to international law regarding freedom of navigation and flight, but “resolutely opposes the damaging of China’s sovereignty and security interests in the name of free navigation and flight.”
“China will firmly deal with provocations from other countries. We will continue to monitor relevant situation in the sea and air and take any necessary measures when needed,” the statement said.
U.S. puts its foot down
State Department spokesman John Kirby said on Monday the U.S. would not be required to consult with other nations if it decided to conduct freedom of navigation operations in international waters.
“The whole point of freedom of navigation in international waters is that it’s international waters. You don’t need to consult with anybody,” Mr. Kirby said.
Sore point in ties
China’s assertive behaviour in the South China Sea has become an increasingly sore point in relations with the United States, even as U.S. President Barack Obama and China’s President Xi Jinping have sought to deepen cooperation in other areas.
Despite those tensions, exchanges between the two militaries have continued to expand, with a U.S. Navy delegation paying visits last week to China’s sole aircraft carrier and a submarine warfare academy.
